微波对蚤状搔耐盐性的诱导作用     

王丹丽  陆开宏  徐继林  林霞 《海洋科学》2004,28(3):32-34

在温度25℃±1℃及牛粪 +稻草 +沃土为食物的条件下 ,采用微波辐射方法对蚤状(DaphniapulexLeydig)的耐盐性进行诱导实验 ,观察了分别辐射5,10,15s后蚤状在盐度为2 ,4,6,8,10下的生殖和生存情况。结果表明,经微波辐射诱导后 ,蚤状的生殖上限可从盐度4上升至盐度6 ,在盐度10中最多可存活4h。辐射效果以10s最好。  相似文献   

航空微波遥感观测海水表层盐度的研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王永红  Heron M L  Ridd Peter 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2007,27(1):139-145

盐度是海水的基本特征之一。在开敞海和海岸带进行长期的盐度测量具有重要的意义。利用航空微波技术观测海水盐度的研究始于20世纪60年代末，经过20多年的不断探索，近10年来这一技术研究有了较大的进展。将被动式微波辐射计装在小型飞机上对海水表层盐度进行观测，可以获得同步、快速和大面积的海水表层盐度。目前，已有多种微波辐射计在不同国家和地区的河口海湾和海洋得到使用，如ESTAR、SI，FMR、STARRS、PALS和PLMR。使用航空遥感辐射计对海水进行观测，目前，校正后的盐度当分辨率为1km。时数据准确度和精度都可以达到1psu。利用最新研发的双偏光微波航空遥感技术有望使校正后的盐度数值精度和准确度控制在1psu以内。  相似文献   

Jason Microwave Radiometer Performance and On-Orbit Calibration   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Shannon Brown  Chris Ruf  Steve Keihm  Ami Kitiyakara 《Marine Geodesy》2004,27(1):199-220

Results are presented from the on-orbit calibration of the Jason Microwave Radiometer (JMR). The JMR brightness temperatures (TBs) are calibrated at the hottest and coldest ends of the instrument's dynamic range, using Amazon rain forest and vicarious cold on-Earth theoretical brightness temperature references. The retrieved path delay values are validated using collocated TOPEX Microwave Radiometer and Radiosonde Observation path delay (PD) values. Offsets of 1-4 K in the JMR TBs and 8-12 mm in the JMR PDs, relative to TMR measurements, were initially observed. There were also initial TB offsets of 2 K between the satellite's yaw state. The calibration was adjusted by tuning coefficients in the antenna temperature calibration algorithm and the antenna pattern correction algorithm. The calibrated path delay values are demonstrated to have no significant bias or scale errors with consistent performance in all nonprecipitating weather conditions. The uncertainty of the individual path delay measurements is estimated to be 0.74 cm ± 0.15, which exceeds the mission goal of 1.2 cm RMS.  相似文献   

基于南太平洋的AMSR2L1R亮温数据质量评估     

钱承君  李铜基  赵屹立  黄骁麒 《海洋通报》2020,39(2):231-240

本文基于环境场较为稳定的南太平洋目标海区,以海洋大气微波辐射传输模型(Radiative Transfer Model,RTM)模拟亮温作为参考值,对2015年1月1日—2017年12月31日的高级扫描微波辐射计(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2,AMSR2) L1R亮温数据产品进行了质量评估。结果表明AMSR2 L1R所有通道亮温数据总偏差和标准偏差的变化范围分别为1.466～6.352 K、0.270～1.693 K,其中标准偏差在水平极化通道较大的同时随着频率的增大而增大。相比同类遥感器如全球降水测量微波成像仪(Global Precipitation Measurement Microwave Imager,GMI)等的质量分析结果,AMSR2亮温数据的标准偏差较小,这表明AMSR2亮温数据精度较高。对AMSR2 L1R亮温数据3年长时间序列的变化趋势分析表明所有通道亮温偏差均在±0.5 K范围内波动但是存在微弱的季节性变化,标准偏差随时间的变化较小,这表明AMSR2 L1R亮温数据质量较为稳定。  相似文献   

SST Availabilities of Satellite Infrared and Microwave Measurements   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

Lei Guan  Hiroshi Kawamura 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(2):201-209

To investigate the feasibility and methodology of new generation sea surface temperature (SST) maps that combine various satellite measurements, we have quantitatively evaluated SST availabilities of NOAA AVHRR (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer), GMS S-VISSR (Geostationary Meteorological Satellite, Stretched-Visible Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer) and TRMM MI (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, Microwave Imager: TMI), during the one-year period from October 1999 to September 2000. The advantage of satellite microwave SST measurements is the ability to penetrate the clouds that contaminate satellite infrared measurements. Daily SST availabilities were calculated in the overlapping coverage from 20°N to 38°N and 120°E to 160°E. The annual-mean SST availabilities of AVHRR, S-VISSR and TMI are 48%, 56% and 78%, respectively. There are large seasonal variations in the availabilities of infrared measurements. The latitude-time plots of one-degree zonal mean SST availabilities of S-VISSR and TMI in the region from 38°S to 38°N and 80°E to 160°W show significant zonal variations, which are influenced by the atmospheric circulation such as the Subtropical High and the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The SST availabilities of S-VISSR and TMI in the five selected regions have large regional variations, ranging from 35% to 74% and 62% to 88% for S-VISSR and TMI, respectively. The present statistical analyses of SST availabilities in the infrared and microwave measurements indicate that 1) a daily cloud-free high-spatial resolution may be achieved by merging various SST measurements since their deficiencies compensate each other, and 2) nevertheless, it is necessary to take account of the seasonal and regional variations of SST availabilities of different satellite sensors for the development of merging technology. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

基于微波辐射计和气溶胶激光雷达的边界层高度研究及应用          下载免费PDF全文

黄俊  廖碧婷  沈子琦  张志坚  蓝静  王春林 《热带气象学报》2022,38(2):180-192

分别基于微波辐射计温湿度廓线资料的气块法、位温法和比湿法,地面气象资料的罗氏法及气溶胶激光雷达数据的梯度法,计算得出广州地区大气边界层高度,对比分析5种边界层高度结果及其与气象条件、空气质量之间的关系,结合典型大气污染过程分析边界层高度对PM_2.5、O₃浓度的影响。结果显示:（1）利用位温法、气块法、罗氏法、比湿法和梯度法计算得出广州地区平均边界层高度分别为2 207 m、1 239 m、901 m、717 m和660 m,位温法显著高估了广州地区的边界层高度;（2）利用气块法得出的混合层高度日变化能够较好地表征白天大气边界层演变特征,利用气块法和比湿法得出的白天混合层高度与近地面O₃浓度有显著的正相关关系,相关系数在0.5以上,在O₃污染防治中,应同时考虑边界层内垂直输送的影响;（3）利用梯度法得出的边界层高度在污染天气时与PM_2.5浓度的相关性较好,能较好地表现出大气污染情况,在PM_2.5污染天气过程分析中具有较好的应用价值。   相似文献   

Insights into the Microwave Instruments Onboard the Fengyun 3DSatellite: Data Quality and Assimilation in theMet Office NWP System     

Fabien CARMINATI  Nigel ATKINSON  Brett CANDY  Qifeng LU 《大气科学进展》2021,38(8):1379-1396

正1Met Office, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK2National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China  相似文献   

Use of Microwave Radiances from Metop-C and Fengyun-3 C/DSatellites for a Northern European Limited-areaData Assimilation System     

Magnus LINDSKOG  Adam DYBBROE  Roger RANDRIAMAMPIANINA 《大气科学进展》2021,38(8):1415-1428

正1Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Folkborgsv?gen 17, 60361 Norrk?ping, Sweden2Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Henrik Mohns Plass 1, 0371 Oslo, Norway  相似文献   

1991年6月6日与白光耀斑共生的微波大爆发     

金声震  李小聪  阎元宜  姬慧荣  王淑兰  赵仁扬 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1994,(3)

本文简要地介绍了发生于２５４５ＭＨｚ和２６４５ＭＨｚ频率上的一次与白光耀斑共生的微波射电大爆发。该爆发有很高的峰值流量，很高的偏振度和很复杂的偏振状态的变化．同时该爆发的第一主峰期间同时观测到色球层白光耀斑连续辐射。本文还简要地讨论了这次射电爆发与色球白光耀斑的时间演化关系及射电爆发在主峰期间偏振状态急剧变化的原因。  相似文献   

Radio continuum surveys     

Justin L. Jonas  Eddie E. Baart 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,230(1-2):351-358

The Rhodes University radio astronomy group has been involved in radio continuum mapping of southern extended radio sources since 1976. We describe the various mapping projects undertaken with the HartRAO telescope, particularly the Rhodes/HartRAO 2300 MHz all-sky survey, and speculate on future projects.  相似文献